How do airbags work? – The Hindu

Representative image. | Photo Credit: File photo The Hindu Testing. Testing. The auto mechanics are hard at work making sure the air-filled balloon-looking pillow-like bags work and deploy properly in this sleek and brand new car. Look at the dashboard and see how firmly the system is incorporated. But wait a minute, how does it … Read more

Space startup Agnikul Cosmos raises ₹150 crore in fresh funding round at $500 million valuation

The company, which is building the world’s first single-piece 3D-printed rocket engines and end-to-end space transportation solutions, said that it will deploy this capital in scaling production units of aerospace and rocket components and advance its stage-recovery programme | Photo Credit: Special Arrangement Chennai-based space tech startup Agnikul Cosmos has raised ₹150 crore ($17 million) … Read more

Space startup Agnikul raises ₹150 crore to fund reusable rockets

IIT-Chennai incubated Agnikul demonstrated a sub-orbital rocket launch last year and is planning to place small satellites into the low earth orbit using its 3D printed Agnibaan rocket next year. File | Photo Credit: ANI Space startup Agnikul Cosmos on Saturday (November 22, 2025) said it has raised ₹150 crore in a fresh funding round … Read more

42 glacial lakes in Nepal at high risk of bursting: experts

Image for representation purposes only. File | Photo Credit: Getty Images/iStockphoto Forty-two glacial lakes in Nepal have been identified as being at critical risk of bursting, according to experts. A potential glacial lake outburst flood could result in massive loss of life and severe damage to infrastructure, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) expert … Read more

Tracking the reported decline of Left-Wing Extremism: Infographics

Andhra Pradesh ADGP-Intelligence Mahesh Chandra Laddha, Eluru Range Inspector-General G.V.G. Ashok Kumar and other police officers in Vijayawada inspect weapons seized from the arrested Maoists. | Photo Credit: The Hindu Six Maoists were killed in an encounter in Maredumilli agency in Andhra Pradesh’s Alluri Sitarama Raju district on Tuesday (November 18, 2025). Among the killed were … Read more

Did the SIR process decide Bihar’s election outcome? Data says “No”

Booth Level Officers verifying voters’ forms during the SIR exercise in Patepur block of Vaishali in Bihar. | Photo Credit: ANI The Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls became one of the most contentious issues in Bihar’s 2025 Assembly elections, with accusations and counter-accusations flying between the ruling National Democratic Alliance and the opposition … Read more

COVID-19 virus poses higher cardiac, clotting risks in kids than vaccines, large study says

A large study in the UK has reported that children and adolescents are at substantially more risk of developing heart inflammation, blood clots, and other vascular and inflammatory diseases after COVID-19 infection than after vaccination. The study, published recently in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, drew on the health records of nearly 14 million individuals … Read more

How welfare delivery shaped, but did not decide, Bihar’s elections

The 2025 Bihar Assembly elections delivered a result many had expected, but the intensity of the victory surprised several observers. Caste alignments and alliance partners continued to matter, yet welfare delivery emerged as a central, though not exclusive, factor shaping the verdict. The National Democratic Alliance’s (NDA) governance record and leadership, combined with the well-timed … Read more

The caste and class factors in the NDA’s victory in Bihar

BJP supporters celebrating after the massive victory of the NDA, at the party office in Patna. | Photo Credit: MOORTHY RV The landslide victory of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in the 2025 Bihar Assembly elections has created a perception that the voters have risen above caste and class considerations while exercising their franchise. This … Read more

Pharmacogenomics: reading genes to tailor prescriptions for individuals

The old medical advice to “start low and go slow” reflects a fundamental challenge in healthcare: the same drug at the same dose can heal one patient while harming another. For decades, physicians have prescribed medications based on population averages, essentially conducting a trial-and-error experiment with each patient. Today, pharmacogenomics is rewriting this script by … Read more

Attribution science: the tricky task of linking climate disasters to emitters

On November 12, Delhi’s air became distinctly unbreathable. A thick blanket of smog enveloped the capital, which recorded an average Air Quality Index (AQI) of over 400, and the pollution was categorised as “severe”. On November 9, Delhiites, aware of the possible respiratory ailments this relapsing crisis could lead to, protested at India Gate. Many … Read more

ISRO demonstrates boot-strap mode start on CE20 cryogenic engine

ISRO successfully demonstrated boot-strap mode start test on the CE20 cryogenic engine in the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility at ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri on November 7, 2025. | Photo Credit: Special Arrangement The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully demonstrated the boot-strap mode start test on the CE20 Cryogenic engine which powers the upper stage … Read more

U.S. resident infected with H5N5 — a different type of bird flu

Photograph used for representational purposes only. File | Photo Credit: Reuters A Washington State resident has bird flu, and it’s a different type than what was seen in previous infections, State health officials said on November 15, 2025. It is the nation’s first human case of bird flu since February. The older adult with underlying … Read more

Bengaluru scientists win 2025 Tata Transformation Prize

The New York Academy of Sciences and Tata Sons on Tuesday announced three scientists based out of Bengaluru as the winners of the 2025 Tata Transformation Prize.  The winners are Padubidri V. Shivaprasad of National Centre for Biological Sciences, and Balasubramanian Gopal and Ambarish Ghosh of Indian Institute of Science for research in food security, sustainability and healthcare, respectively. Ambarish Ghosh The winners were … Read more

Science quiz: Pick up the phone

Science quiz: Pick up the phone Visual: Name the historic antitrust lawsuit that resulted in the breakup of the entity denoted by this famous logo, with significant implications for telecommunications in the US. START THE QUIZ 1 / 6 | Visual: Name the historic antitrust lawsuit that resulted in the breakup of the entity denoted … Read more

Why does smoke from a stove or hearth irritate the eyes?

Smoke from wood, cigarettes, and garbage contains many irritating gases. | Photo Credit: Vadim Sadovski/Unsplash Question from Sahad Chembra A: When smoke gets in your eyes, it is not really the small pieces of the ash that make your eyes water up. Instead, the culprits are mostly the chemicals riding along with them. Smoke from … Read more

The NDA’s unified strategy and disciplined coordination in Bihar

Janata Dal (United) (JD-U) supporters hold placards of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar as they celebrate NDA’s lead in the vote counting of the Bihar Assembly election 2025 at the party office, in Patna on Friday. | Photo Credit: ANI The National Democratic Alliance (NDA)’s victory in Bihar represents a … Read more

Muslim MLAs’ share in Bihar Assembly drops to 4.5% in 2025

Voters wait in a queue at a polling station during the final phase of the Bihar Assembly elections, in Jehanabad The recently concluded 2025 Bihar Assembly elections stood out for many things — the NDA’s sweeping win, years of pro-incumbency, cash-for-transfer schemes, and a weakened opposition, among others. Another defining feature of this Election is … Read more

Daily Quiz: On Lunokhod 1

Daily Quiz: On Lunokhod 1 1971 Soviet postage stamp commemorates the spacecraft that delivered the world’s first successful planetary rover to the Moon START THE QUIZ 1 / 6 | On which lunar ‘sea’ did Lunokhod 1 land? Answer : Mare Imbrium or Sea of Rains DID YOU KNOW THE ANSWER? YES NO SHOW ANSWER 2 … Read more

Watch: How is India responding to calls for shipping decarbonisation?

The International Maritime Organization (IMO), routinely lays down rules that regulate international shipping which carries almost all of the world’s trade. These rules are a result of consensus arrived at carefully, with much expert input, through meetings that are not dramatic. But in October, when the IMO that has 176 member-nations met to vote on … Read more

Bihar elections, Delhi blast and more: The week in 5 charts

(1) Delhi Red Fort blast kills 13 A car at the signal near the Red Fort in Delhi exploded, killing 13 people on November 10 (Monday), 2025. Behind the explosion was a terror module with links to foreign handlers in Pakistan, as investigations showed later. At the wheel was a Dr. Umar Nabi, a doctor … Read more

Do animals have mental health problems?

Parrots in small cages sometimes pluck out their feathers, an action linked to long-term stress. Representative image. | Photo Credit: Ojaswi Pratap Singh/Unsplash Many scientists believe at least some animals can have problems that are similar to human mental health disorders. We can’t ask them how they feel, so we look for changes in behaviour, … Read more

Why is there a cold wave over parts of Telangana? | Explained

A woman buys winter wear from a shop in Sangareddy. | Photo Credit: MOHD ARIF/The Hindu On November 17, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) warned of a cold wave in parts of Telangana. The nighttime temperatures have fallen into single digits in many locations. Kohir and Yalal districts recorded around 8.1º C while Adilabad, Medak, … Read more

Katherine Johnson: NASA’s forgotten human computer

Katherine at the Katherine G. Johnson Computational Research Facility. | Photo Credit: David C. Bowman, NASA At the age of 10, a young African American girl in Virginia, U.S.A., started high school and then went on to graduate from West Virginia State College at 18, earning degrees in mathematics and French. From a small town … Read more

Decoding the NDA’s landslide win in Bihar

BJP supporters raise posters of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar amongst other leaders and offer sweets to celebrate NDA’s massive victory in Bihar assembly elections 2025, in Patna on Sunday. | Photo Credit: ANI Many factors contribute to the landslide victory of a political party or an alliance. This holds true for … Read more

Muslim MLAs share in Bihar Assembly drops top 4.5% in 2025

Voters wait in a queue at a polling station during the final phase of the Bihar Assembly elections, in Jehanabad The recently concluded 2025 Bihar Assembly elections stood out for many things — the NDA’s sweeping win, years of pro-incumbency, cash-for-transfer schemes, and a weakened opposition, among others. Another defining feature of this Election is … Read more